Typewriting machine



July 19, 1932. A. HAVARD TYPEWRITING MACHINE Filed June 7, 1928 2Sheets-Sheet 1 gwomtob July 19, 1932. V RD 1,868,288

TYPEWRITING MACHINE Filed June 7 1928 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOK:

HT'TOR KEYS- Patented July 19, 1932 UNITED? STATES PATENT OFFICEALExANDBE mum), or BRUSSELS, BELGIUM, AssIGNoa 'ro LA MONDIALETYPOLITHO, socnt'ri: coornnnnvn, A COMPANY, or BRUSSELS, BELGIUM.

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Application am June 7,1928, Serial It.

be employed for preparing a plate lntended for reproductibn. uch aprinting plate however presents the feature that it does not provide aso-called typographical composition, that is to say a composition inwhich the characters give an exact reproduction of text composed bymeans of typographical characters having bodies of different thick- 2nesses (widths) according to the size of the letters to be employed.This disadvantage, which has up to the present time prevented theadoption of typewriting machinesfor composing text to be printed,results from.

2:5 the fact that in most typewriting machines the characters have.bodies of a uniform thickness (width) so that the spaces correspondingto these characters are all exactly thesame.

remove this disadvantage and consequently to provide improved means forobtaining a varying spacing proportional to the thickness of eachcharacter so that the type bars can be provided with characterscorrespond ing absolutely to the-actual typographical characters. 1 g

With this object in view, my invention essentially consists in thespecial arrangements and combinations bfpartshereinafte'r fullydescribed and pointed out in the appended claims.

On the annexed drawings: Figure lshows diagrammatically in elevation andin section a general arrangement vtrolling the spacing movement.

The object of my present invention is to 283,539, and in Belgium March15, 1928.

of the control mechanism of a type bar and the spacing mechanism.

Figure 2 isan elevation of the back part of the machine showing thedevice for con- Figure 3 is a plan view of a part, corre sponding to asection taken along the line III'III in Figure 1 so as to=show in planthe spacing bars and the selectingslot cooperating with these spacingbars.

Figure 4.- is a plan view of the type carry ing members.

Figure 5 is a vertical section to a larger scale of a part of thecontrol mechanism of the. movement of escapement shown in Figure 1.'

Figure 6 is a side elevation corresponding to Figure 5.

The machine chosen for illustration is of a common and well known typeand comprises a frame 1, provided with ball bearing channel bars 2 uponwhich are adapted to slide the front and rear rails 3 of the carriage.frame, which frame is provided at each end thereof with a pair ofupwardly extending arms 4, as shown in full lines in Fig. 2, and indotted lines in Fig. 1, each pair of arms forming between thema slot 4*for guiding the carvriage in its vertical movements. The carriage isdesignated generally by 5 and includes a typestriking surface 6 in theform of a platen. The carriage carries suitable bearings in which ismounted the main feed roller 7 around which is fed a sheet 7 of paper,rubber or other suitable material which is to receive the imprint of thetype. The sheet 7, after passing below the roller 7 is guided between apair of rollers 8 'toward the platen 6, and after passing in front ofthe latter-is fed between a pair of rollers 8, one 'of which is drivenbysurface contact with a roller 8", which in turn is driven by sur facecontact with the main feed roller 7. The carriage also carries theusualsheet metal apron 8 on which the sheet 7 rests and by which it isdirected into engagement with the roller 7 It will be understood thatthe'bearings for all of the, rollers above referred to i are carriedibythe frame of the usual movable carriage common in typewriters, and sincethis portion of'the machine forms no part-of the invention thecarriageframe has been omitted from the drawings The type characters 9 arecarried by type 10 bars 10 pivoted at 11 in a segment 12 which isprovided with supports 13 having openended slots for connection asindicated at 14 witha supporting, bracket 15, as shown in 1 .Fig. 4,said bracket being integralwith the 15 frame 1- of the typewriter. Whenthe keys are struck the type bars are guided as in all typewritingmachines by means of a guide 16 "(Figs 1 and 4) placed in front of theplaten 6. ach-type bar is subjected at its end to so the action of alever 17 upon which acts a rod 18 connectedto abent lever 19 pivoted at20 upon a support 21. The lever 19 is itself connected bya rod 22 to thecontrol bar 23 carrying. the key 24. Each control bar 23 is 25 pivotedat 25 upon a cross member 26 and is acted uponby areturnspring 27. .Inpractice 7 7 each type bar 10 is rovided at 9 with a certain number ofdi erent characters, for ex.- ample capital letters,"small letters,italics,

figures, etc. As usual, one character or another is caused to strike asdesired by giving the carriage 5 a lifting or lowering movement in theslots 4.01? the carriage su port by means of any mechanism, a part 0which is shown in F igurel which comprises a vertical rod 28fpa'ssingthrough a guide 29 and given a lifting and lowering movement by a fork30 keyed upon a pivot31 operated from the outside-of the machine by asuitable lever.

40. In the-example shown, the rod 28 acts through the medium of a plate32 upon a stop 33 carried by a movable carria e 5, so that this carriagecan take up any deslred' position in height according to the particularcharacter on the plate 9 which must be made to strike the printing platepassing in front of the platen 6. As these characters are typo-T aphicalcharacters as .employed in printmg, they have difi'erent thicknesses(widths) order to make the movement 'of advance of the carriage, that isto say the spacing, corresponding in each case. to the character struck,it is necess' a varying movement of escapement.

Moreover the spacing .must vary for each type-bar according to thecharacter which is carried bythe bar, since the space corre- ,sponding'to the letter M for example, must be I greater than the. space.corresponding to the pace I and so on for each character considered. 1 g

i For each of the types of. characters (capital letters and smallletters, for example) carried by the bar 10 there corresponds a spacngbar and, in the case of different characters ry to give'thecarriage 5'earned by each type bar, as 1s shown, use is made of two similar spacingbars 34 and 35 oscillating upon two pivots 36- 37 extending.

longitudinally at the back of the machine.

Each control bar 23 for a type bar 10 is provided at its end with astrengthening plate 38 which, when the end of the control 'bar islifted, acts upon the'corresponding spacing bar 34 or 35 through themedium of a stop 39. For each control bar 23 there corresponds, as aconsequence, upon each spacing .bar, a similar stop 39 the height ofwhich.

varies from one letter to another so as to communicate, for a givenmovement of oscil; lation of the control bar 23, a different amplitudeof oscillation, to the spacing bar 34 or 35 considered.

Above these spacing bars is disposed a movable slider 40 keyed upon ashaft 41 (Figure 3) carried in' a forked shaft support 42 secured uponthe plate 43 extending transsecond similar side plate 48 (Figure 5). The

two side'plates14'l-48 are mounted-by ball bearings 49 upon a spindleend 50 upon which is keyed between the side platesa circular plate. 51against which presses normally a lever- 52 provided with an eccentricshoe 53.

This lever 52 pivots upon a rod 54 supported by the side plates 47 and48 and is acted upon by a spring 55 (Figures 2 and 6) which keeps theshoe 53 pressed against the pel iphery of the plate- 51. Further, uponthe shaft 50 (Figure 5-) is mounted a plate 56 provided with a frictionsurface 57 against which presses a plate 58 adapted to movelongitudinally upon a sleeve 59 integral with a drum or a plate 60turning freely upon the shaft 50 and provided at itsperiphery-with aheli-"' calgroove 61 in which passes a cable 62 (Figure 2) making acomplete turn round the drum '60 and the ends of which are connected at63 to lugs depending from one. of the mov fable carriage rails 3.

The plate 58 which is adapted to slide upon (no (Eigure 5) which'keepsit pressed against'the i I the sleeve 59, is acted upon by a spring 64friction surface 57 of the plate 56 and is adapted "to be displacedaxially upon the sleeve 59 by means of a forked lever 65 (Figm a'leverl67 mounted upon a -shaft 68 adapted.

ure' 1), pivoted at66, which. is controlled by to be made to oscillatefrom the outside of i 'the gamma-by a suitable handle. Further,

the ate 32 controlling the'lifting and lowern? movement ofthe carriage.5 is provided I sec'ond spacing bar 35.

ment has the effect of acting, upon the rod 71, which, by becomingengagedwith a plate 69 comprising ,projections 70 which can act, whenthe upward and downward movement of the rod 28 takes place upon a rod 71displaceable horizontally, which by its other end acts upon a lever 72oscillating at 73 and exerting, through a roll er 74 a pressure upon thearm 75 of the slider 40 which is held pressed against the roller 74 .bya return spring 76.

The mechanism described operates the following manner If we assume asheet, intended to serve as a printing page, to be placed in thecarriage and passing in front of the plate 6 when one of the keys 24 islowered, the corresponding control lever 23 produces, through the mediumof the rod 22, the lever 19 and the rod 18, the pivotal movement of thetype bar so as to bring the type carried at 9 against the platen 6, thetype bar becoming situated, at this moment, in the guide 16.

At the same time, if we assume the carriage to be in its highestposition, the control bar 23, by becoming raised at its back end,encounters the stop 39 which corresponds to it and makes the spacing bar34 pivot upon the shaft 36. As at this moment, as a result of theposition in height of the carriage, the stop 44 with which the slider 40is provided, rests upon the first spacing bar 34, the latter in risingmakes this slider 40 pivot with the shaft 41 in the support 42 and thelever 45 pushes against the stop 46 carried by a side plate 47.

As a result of thisthe lever 52, provided with a shoe 53, pivots aboutthe shaft without taking with it the plate 51, the shoe 53, as a resultof its eccentricity, moving freely upon the eriphery of the plate 51.But as the side p ate 47 is connected by a cable 77 (Figure 2) to aspring drum 78, this movement of the side plates 47 and 48 has theeffect of putting the spring 78 under tension so that at the moment whenthe blow is struck and the key 24 is released, this spring drum 78exerts a pull upon the side plates 47 and 48 in such a way that the shoe53 carrying alon the plate 51 makes the shaft 52 turn, whic Edrivesthrough the plate 56 and-the friction 57, the plate 58, which makes thegrooved pulley 60 turn, over which passes the cable 62. v

The latter thus displaces the carriage by the desired amountcorresponding to the desired spacing.

31 by meansof its control roo. in order to strike another t the type bar10 t is movement of displaceby the cain 70,

in the hollow of the cam, permits a displacement of the slider 40 in thedirection of the arrow so as te bring the stop 44 above the If on theother hand, the carriage 5 is wered by acting upon the shaft e ofcharacter carried by.

amplitude of oscillation of the slider beingmodified by the difference.in length'of the stop 39 carried by thesecond spacing bar 35.

If it is desired to move the carriage backwards, it is suflicient toact, by the control lever connected to the shaft 68, upon the lever 67which, through the medium of the lever 65, disengages the friction plate56 from the plate 58, so that at this moment the carriage can be movedwithout taking with it the plate 56 and consequently independently fromthe spacing movement.

The spacing bars 34 and 35 naturally are each provided with as manystops 39 as there are control bars 23 and consequently type bars 10 inthe machine, and each of these stops comprises a projectioncorresponding to the spacing movement necessitated by the thickness(width) of' the typographical character carried by the type bar 10. Inthe case when the type bar carries a number of types of characters orsigns which is greater than two, the number of spacing bars correspondsto this number of characters and the lifting and lowering movement ofthe carriage is provided with a cam 70 adapted to ma e the lever 72occupy, through the medium of the rod 71, different positions bringingin succession the slider 40 'andits tstops 44 above the correspondingspacing The machine is obviously provided with all accessoriespermitting its normal use. It may be provided with inking devices ifit'is intended to employ it as a simple typewriting machine or as amachine for composing text The printing plate may also be constructed into be reproduced by lithographic printing. 9

such a way as to permit its direct use of ordinary typographicalprinting.

In view of the variation in spacing according to the thickness (width;of the typographical characters carrie by the type bars 10, the textreproduced is always identical with the lithographic text composed byplate '61 is revented by a second eccentric shoe 80 hel ressed againstthis plate by a bar 81 forming a counter weight so as to prevent anymovement of the carriage when the side plates .47 and 48 oscillate atthe -moment""the" spacing mechanism becomes cocked for producing 'aspace. If it is a question of producing typographical printing platesthe characters may be engraved backwards and the movement of thecarriage may be the reverse of that corresponding to the ordinarydirection of writing.

What I claim is: Y

1. In a typewriting machine, in combination, a frame, a carriage adaptedto receive a printing plate and sliding on the said frame,

, a striking surface provided on the said carriage, type bars, sets oftypographical characters of varying thickness carried by said.

type bars, means whereby the said striking surface is adapted to bestruck by the said types, means whereby the type bars are guided whenstruck against the striking surface, means whereby a lifting andlowering movement is given to the said carriage to bring the carriageinto position for using a respective set of characters, a control key oreach of the type bars, spacing bars for each set of characters and onwhich act the said 'control keys, stops of different heights, proandadapted to be displaced automatically by the lifting and loweringmovement of the carriage, whereby the selection of the spac ing barcorresponding to the type of character to be struck is effected.

2. In a typewriting machine, in combination, a frame, a carriage adaptedto receive a printing plate and to slide on the said frame, a strikingsurface provided on the said carriage, type bars on which sets oftypographical characters of varying thickness are mounted, means wherebythe said striking surface is adapted to be struck by the said types,

4 means whereby the type bars are guided when struck against. thestriking surface, means whereby a lifting or lowering movement is givento the said carriage to bring the car-' riage into position for using arespective set of characters, a control, key for each of the type bars,spacing bars foreach set of characters and on which act the said controlkeys,

a shaft, an escapement'movement, a slider mounted on the said shaft andadapted to be interposed between the spaclng bar corresponding to thetype of character to be struck andthe escapement vement, and adapted tobe displaced automatically by the lifting and lowering movement. of thecarriage,

whereby the selectionof thespacing bar corresponding tothe typeofcharacter to be struck is effected, meanswhereby a movement ofoscillation is given to the said selecting slider from the'spacing bar,a lever keyedon the end of the said shaft, a wheel, a cable,connectedtothe said wheel and to the car- 3. In a typewriting machine,in combina- I tion, a frame, a carriage adapted to receive a printingplate and to slide on the said frame, a striking surface provided on thesaid carriage, means whereby the material serving for the formation ofthe printing plate is guided, type bars, sets of typographicalcharacters of varying thickness mounted on the said type bars, meanswhereby the said striking surface is adapted to be struck by the saidtypes, means whereby a lifting and lowering movement is given to thesaid carriage to bring the carriage into position for using a respectiveset of characters, a control key for each of the type bars, spacing barsfor each type of characters, and on which act the said control keys, ashaft, a slider mounted on said shaft and adapted to be movable by thespacing bar corresponding to the type of character to be struck andadapted to be displaced automatically by the lifting and loweringmovement of the carriage whereby the selection of the spacing barcorresponding to the type of character to be struck is effected, meanswhereby a 'movement of oscillation is given to the said selecting sliderfrom the spacing bar, a lever keyed on the end of thesaid shaft, asecond shaft, a friction plate on the said second shaft, two side platesadapted to pivot about the said second shaft, an eccentric shoe carriedby the said side plates and adapted to engage and rotate said frictionplate when said shoe is driven in one direction by the said side plates,

a spring drum whereby the said side plates,

are acted upon and whereby the movement of the carriage is produced. atthe moment the key serving for striking the character is released.

a printing plate and to slide on the said frame,

means whereby the material serving for the formation of the printingplate is guided, typebars, sets, of typographical characters of varyingtliickness mounted on the said t 'e bars, means whereby the saidstriking sur ace is adapted to be struck yv the said types,

means whereby the type b s are guided when struck against the strikingsurface, a vertical rod, a lever acting on the said rod, whereby alifting and lowering movement is given to the said rod and also tothecarriage to bring the carriage into position for using a respective setof characters, a cam on which acts the said rod,a horizontal rod, alever adapted to be oscillated, a slider, means whereby the said leveris adapted to act on the said slider, spacing bars in a numbercorresponding to the number of sets of characters to be struck, meanswhereby the said slider is adapted to be movable by the spacing barcorresponding to the set of characters to be struck, a control key foreach of the type bars, the keys acting on the said type bar and meansincluding a, friction clutch whereby the movement of the spacing bars isadapted to be transmitted to the carriage.

In testimony whereof I have affixed my signature. ALEXANDRE

